which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct?vizio sound bar turn off bluetooth

Stangor, C. (1995). Definition and assessment of accuracy in social stereotypes. Tajfel found that the lines were perceived differently when they were categorized, such that the differences between the groups and the similarities within the groups were emphasized. Which of the following forms of prejudice was not portrayed in the above scenario? Influence of impression-management goals on the emerging content of group stereotypes: Support for a social-evolutionary perspective. c. The availability of social support decreases our ability to cope successfully with change. D. engaging in prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping, Touch, Taste, and Smell: The Other Senses, Psychology Unit: Sociocultural Domain Part 2, Psychology Unit: Sociocultural Domain Part 1, Arlene Lacombe, Kathryn Dumper, Rose Spielman, William Jenkins. baseball. Chen, M., & Bargh, J. When Reggie and his team play against one of the schools from a less affluent area, Reggie makes fun of the other team's uniforms. Which statement about Theodor Adorno's research would Adorno most agree with? Those who view the Mexican American population as stagnating argue that Mexicans are going through a process called The cluster of traits that includes being independent, ambitious, and achievement-oriented is, According to the text, in North American society _______ traits are more likely to be associated. Stereotyping and prejudice begin from social categorizationthe natural cognitive process by which we place individuals into social groups. b. unintelligent According to the text, gender stereotypes: Research on gender stereotypes shows that college students and faculty view: Studies show that college students and faculty view the ideal woman as having: According to available research, which of the following ethnic groups engages in less gender. Sociologist Eduardo Bonilla-Silva argues that He continues to hold this belief even though he learned in school that native-born Americans are more likely to commit crime than immigrants. In apartheid-era South Africa, laws forced Blacks to live separately from whites and forbade sexual relations between races. On January 1, 2014, Everett Corporation had these stockholders equity accounts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62(2), 207218. 25 percent Which if the following is the correct definition of cognitive dissonance? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(2), 275287. New York, NY: Psychology Press. Despite the increased participation of women in sports, female athletes continue to be f(x)=x28x+20f(x)=\sqrt{x^2-8x+20} Prejudice refers to an unjustifiable negative attitude toward an outgroup. c. Mrs. Jane Collins-Sullivan B) Social categorization can lead to unconscious stereotyping and prejudices. After they had viewed all the statements made by the individuals in the discussion group, the research participants were given a memory test (this was entirely unexpected for the participants who had not been given memory instructions). xiyi132735411514. c. working-class women are perceived more positively than are middle-class women. The results of these studies, as well as other studies like them, were clear: People perceive outgroups as more homogeneous than the ingroup. Reggie and his family are well off financially. Making things even more difficult, stereotypes are strongest for the people who are in most need of changethe people who are most prejudiced (Lepore & Brown, 1997). d. by attempting to act as if race does not exist, whites perpetuate inequalities. c) Data classification and application categorization must be; Question: Which of the following statements is true about data classification and application categorization for sensitivity? b. The stereotypes are pictures in our heads of the social groups (Lippman, 1922). a. When we make situational attributions, we are identifying the source of an action as something ________. d. Donald Trump's presidency is seen as a new era of overt racism. Teacher expectations and self-fulfilling prophecies. b. Americans If the jury cannot decide on a verdict, a mistrial will be declared. 4 You are polite and civil to people you dislike. Eagly, A. H., & Steffen, V. J. b. ethnic differences are combined to create new patterns of behavior drawing on diverse cultural sources. women. Which statement is an accurate characterization of the concept of race? d. all of the above, Which of the following groups of individuals is least likely to be seen on television? Hirschfeld, L. (1996). b. Puerto Rican Americans C. categorization Along with crystallized intelligence (Gc), domain-specific knowledge (Gkn) is an important ability within the nomological net of acquired knowledge. c. laws limiting the rights of blacks in South Africa under apartheid Entropy-related risks were soon translated into the "infodemic", a wide-spread phenomenon with psychosocial and cultural roots. After the war, Japanese families joined many Chinese immigrants in segregated Chinatowns. All of the following statements concerning the Social Security system are correct EXCEPT: The Social Security retirement benefit is payable at normal retirement age with reduced benefits available as early as age 59 , to anyone who has obtained at least . B. practicing discrimination (2007). Without power, the fish in the fish tanks at each store will die. And there is often good agreement about the stereotypes of social categories among the individuals within a given culture. Shortening the project by assigning more resources to one or more of the critical tasks is called "project crashing." Similar effects occur when we categorize other people. We actively categorize not only objects, but also ideas and events. b. Stereotype threat and the intellectual performance of African Americans. On the other hand, we sometimes categorize others not because it seems to provide more information about them but because we may not have the time (or the motivation) to do anything more thorough. More than 99 percent of the people in the United States are descended from a. Which of the following groups is most likely to experience age-based prejudice? d. A researcher distributes paper questionnaires to new immigrant children in high school. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25(2), 215224. c. It outlawed discriminatory voting practices. (Eds.). Which of the following is an example of a sexist experience? c. poverty Confidentiality c. Integrity. C. The genetic diversity between races is greater than the genetic diversity within them.D. Revan was excited about working with a group of friends on the next science project. John is expressing his opinions, and Sarah is expressing hers. a. c. benevolent sexism. Thinking in terms of fixed and inflexible categories, such as believing that all French people like to wear striped shirts, is best described as c. serve to maintain the power imbalance between women and men. c. ethnicity. ceremonies The Energy Policy and Conservation Act, as amended (``EPCA''), prescribes energy conservation standards for various consumer products and certain commercial and industrial equipment, including residential clothes washers (``RCWs''). a. whites How can cognitive dissonance help to reduce unconsciously prejudiced or discriminatory behavior? 4 A girl and a boy who both like jogging fall in love. (2003). C. The point at which sales revenue equals contribution margin. Although Anthony, an African American, was more productive at work than Francisco, a Hispanic American, Anthony was given a raise but not Francisco because the owner believed that Hispanic Americans are better workers than African Americans. c. Southern Europe. b. stereotyping. Guimond, S. (2000). Related Documents. A researcher sends two sets of Hispanic undergraduates out to interact with others and find out how people stigmatize one of two conditions: a student who speaks limited English or a student who is clearly fluent in English. c. racialization. b. b. most whites are above racism and incapable of perpetuating discrimination. 1 A outgoing woman marries a reserved man. Ethnicity bases classification on physical features. c. as active, mature adults If men think that women are all alike, then they may also think that they all have the same characteristicstheyre all emotional and weak. And women may have similarly simplified beliefs about men (theyre insensitive, unwilling to commit, etc.). a. aggregation. a. displacement Shelley Taylor and her colleagues (Taylor, Fiske, Etcoff, & Ruderman, 1978) showed their research participants a slide and tape presentation of three male and three female college students who had supposedly participated in a discussion group. a. there are no differences in the way parents view their newborn daughters and sons. c. parents perceptions of their infant's physical features closely match medical assessments. b. assimilation. ), Stereotype accuracy: Toward appreciating group differences (pp. B. in-group bias (B) Policy dividends affect the cost of virtually all insurance policies issued today. I am grateful to those who offered detailed and thoughtful comments in response to my study (Sullins, 2022b).Rosik's hopeful call for renewed scientific rigor in the study of sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) contrasts sharply with comments from four other teams of scholars, each of which I respond to individually below.Blosnich et al.'s and Rivera and Beach's detailed analyses . B. Which of the following statements best describes the break-even point? d. Develop the estimated regression equation by computing the values of b0b_0b0 and b1b_1b1 using equations (14.6) and (14.7). c. the same type of animals were depicted on the girl cards and the boy cards. The role of memory biases in stereotype maintenance. Given are five observations for two variables, x and y. xi12345yi3751114\begin{array}{r|rrrrr} San Diego, CA: Elsevier. McIntyre, R. B., Paulson, R. M., & Lord, C. G. (2003). d. discrimination, Who would MOST likely believe that strengthening the Black family is the solution to racial inequality? This is an example of Orlando, FL: Academic Press. d. The Japanese families' assimilation into U.S. society accelerated after the war. d. 50. \hline \boldsymbol{y}_i & 3 & 7 & 5 & 11 & 14 a. in the post-World War II period up to the early 1960s c. "Throughout history mankind has been plagued by disease." b. laws limiting the rights of blacks in the South during the Civil War I think you would agree that you are more likely to categorize yourself as a member of your college or university when your basketball or football team has just won a really important game, or at your commencement day ceremony, than you would on a normal evening out with your family. 4 His remark is considered a collectivistic remark. Even when we think we are being completely fair, we may nevertheless be using our stereotypes to condone discrimination (Chen & Bargh, 1999). Reggie goes to a private academy and plays on the varsity basketball team. Which ethical theory, if any, would agree with the following statement: There are some actions that are inherently wrong because they violate a moral rule, no matter what the consequences are.. d. all of the above, Media define females, more than males, by their Based on research presented in the 5 A researcher examines the differences in assimilation rates of new immigrants in the United States vs. Europe. Swim, J. K. (1994). ), Handbook of motivation at school (pp. Beliefs about the characteristics of the groups and the members of those groups are known as stereotypes. b. modern sexism and benevolent sexism. a. modern sexism. Which of the following statements about categorization in humans is FALSE? poses than in active poses. 165208). Steve believes that immigrants are more likely to be criminal than native-born Americans. I can't believe that I missed it!" A Feelings of hostility or anger directed against objects that are not the real origin of those anxieties is called a. transference. use of beauty products. Which of the following statements best describes life insurance policy dividends? 1.) II. Some popular music lyrics contain explicit sexual references which often are degrading to Do you hold implicit prejudices? Thirty years of investigating the own-race bias in memory for faces: A meta-analytic review. c. the biological inferiority of blacks Sechrist, G. B., & Stangor, C. (2001). a. imply women are weak. d. Asian Americans, Alarming disparities in health and health care still exist among U.S. racial and ethnic groups. Greenberg, J., Martens, A., Jonas, E., Eisenstadt, D., Pyszczynski, T., & Solomon, S. (2003). d. her unfeminine walk. Social categorization influences our perceptions of groupsfor instance, the perception of outgroup homogeneity. b. benevolent; hostile Define stereotypes and describe the ways that stereotypes are measured. c. overrepresentation of female characters with both family and paid work responsibilities You can see that an interaction that began at individual level, as two individuals conversing, has now turned to the group level, in which John has begun to consider himself as a man, and Sarah has begun to consider herself as a woman. c. antimiscegenation d. often understand it as a compliment, since it is often meant as a compliment. Empty cart. One indirect approach to assessing prejudice is called the bogus pipeline procedure (Jones & Sigall, 1971). The point at which operating income is equal to $0. d. people who are not prejudiced can discriminate. a. d. Hispanics, Which group of Americans has the lowest median household income? At this point, we would probably not consider them to be acting as group members, but rather as two individuals. d. benevolent sexism and hostile sexism. Yzerbyt, V., Schadron, G., Leyens, J., & Rocher, S. (1994). b. I then propose that what has allowed both 'armchair' and 'experimental' participants in the . c. scapegoating \. Ann Hopkins filed a lawsuit against Price Waterhouse asserting that her promotion for social class, family, football team etc.) a. b. Steele and Aronson argued that thinking about negative stereotypes that are relevant to a task that one is performing creates stereotype threatperformance decrements that are caused by the knowledge of cultural stereotypes. Which group of Americans has the highest college graduation rate? Social psychology is the scientific study of how a person's behavior, thoughts, and feelings are influenced by _______. Brown, R. (1995). He wants to move to Canada and become a permanent citizen. Gender stereotyping research that focused on the ethnicity of the target found that: d. Roe v. Wade, In American Apartheid (1993), Douglas Massey and Nancy A. Denton argue that _______ is/are responsible for the perpetuation of black poverty and the continued polarization of black and white people. Think of a task that one of the social groups to which you belong is considered to be particularly good (or poor) at. A., Greenwald, A. G., & Banaji, M. R. a. 12 percent c. William Julius Wilson Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 10(2), 109120. Which of the following statements concerning social categorization is CORRECT? materials Following the social norm made one more popular. In support of this hypothesis, Steele and Aronsons research revealed that Black college students performed worse (in comparison with their prior test scores) on math questions taken from the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) when the test was described to them as being diagnostic of their mathematical ability (and thus when the stereotype was relevant) but that their performance was not influenced when the same questions were framed as an exercise in problem solving. And in another study, Steele and Aronson found that when Black students were asked to indicate their race before they took a math test (again activating the stereotype), they performed more poorly than they had on prior exams, whereas the scores of White students were not affected by first indicating their race. a. some traits are associated with all women, regardless of their ethnicity. d. a, b, and c, There is a greater underrepresentation of ____________ than ___________ in movies and Once the generator is connected, their stores have the power restored and the fish are saved. a. d. Whites may often benefit from it without even realizing it. Scientists today dispute the theory that races have significant genetic differences. C. A worker receives benefits only if the work-related injury was not his or her fault. b. b. Psychological Science, 16(3), 175179. When the responses are arranged on the screen in a matching way, such that the male category and the strong category are on the same side of the screen (e.g., on the right side), participants can do the task very quickly and they make few mistakes. a. Categorization is an ability that begins to develop at the age of 5 in humans. Between 1915 and 1923, more than a million Armenians were killed by the Ottoman Turkish government. What were the "black codes"? Categorization is the ability and activity of recognizing shared features or similarities between the elements of the experience of the world (such as objects, events, or ideas), organizing and classifying experience by associating them to a more abstract group (that is, a category, class, or type), on the basis of their traits, features, similarities or other criteria that are universal to . c. assimilation. A. White women Perceiving outgroup members as unresponsive: Implications for approach-related emotions, intentions, and behavior. video-notes-from-discussion-posts-. This prevents us from really learning about the outgroup members as individuals, and as a result, we tend to be unaware of the differences among the group members. The bogus pipeline: A new paradigm for measuring affect and attitude. Parents tend to see their newborns as unique and do not apply gender stereotypes to them. Nosek, B. II I and II II and IV I, II, and III I, III, and IV 2 See answers Social categorization occurs when we think of someone as a man (versus a woman), an old person (versus a young person), a Black person (versus an Asian or White person), and so on (Allport, 1954/1979). Brian believes that gender discrimination is no longer a problem in society. The presence of these outsiders might change the direction of social categorization entirely, leading both John and Sarah to think of themselves as students at their own college. The result of these series of activations is the release of a . As of August 2011, the interest rate earned on oneyear U.S. Treasury bills was 0.11%0.11 \%0.11%. b. parents perceive newborn daughters as more delicate and weaker than newborn sons. c. modern sexism and hostile sexism. b. experiencing discrimination in employment The Stanford prison experiment led researchers to conclude which of the following? Groups acting to fulfill selfish interests instead of cooperating with other groups often leads to depleted resources rather than benefits. a. d. Elijah Anderson. I. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 20, 371383. d. integrate schools. Assimilation is when a) Data classification and application categorization is the same. Similarly, when stereotypes are activated, children with low socioeconomic status perform more poorly in math than do those with high socioeconomic status, and psychology students perform more poorly than do natural science students (Brown, Croizet, Bohner, Fournet, & Payne, 2003). In some cases, we categorize because doing so provides us with information about the characteristics of people who belong to certain social groups (Lee, Jussim, & McCauley, 1995). On the cognitive side, individuals who are experiencing stereotype threat show an impairment in cognitive processing that is caused by increased vigilance toward the environment and attempts to suppress their stereotypical thoughts. Stereotyping and perceived distributions of social characteristics: An application to ingroup-outgroup perception. performance on cognitive tasks than does _____ sexism. b. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(4), 645654. He receives two very promising applications from individuals who both are college educated and hold well-paying jobs. d. the cultural inferiority of blacks, In 2017, among full-time workers, which group has the lowest weekly earnings? Which factor is LEAST likely to explain IQ differences between Blacks and whites? The results of Crandall's studies on bulimia in sororities are consistent with which of the following statements? In 2013, ______ of Americans eighteen- to twenty-nine-year-olds supported interracial marriage. This is of course another example of the general principle of assimilationwe tend to perceive the world in ways that make it fit our existing beliefs more easily than we change our beliefs to fit the reality around us. EPCA also requires the U.S. Department of Energy (``DOE'') to. Terms in this set (62) . Price Waterhouse criticized her for all except: Background Patients are increasingly looking to social media platforms for medical information. Trope, Y., & Thompson, E. (1997). Because they hold these beliefs, it is possiblealthough not guaranteedthat they may use them when responding to other people, creating a subtle and unconscious type of discrimination. a. show less gender bias which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct?broward summer school schedule. Which of the following statements are accurate? involvement a. Content and application inaccuracy in social stereotyping. b. African Americans According to the textbook, what can we conclude about the patterns of segregation in the United States? d. generalization. b. impersonal market forces Tajfel and Wilkes (1963) performed a simple experiment that provided a picture of the potential outcomes of categorization. Furthermore, one half of the participants were told that when the presentation was over, they would be asked to remember which person had made which suggestion, whereas the other half of the participants were told merely to observe the interaction without attending to anything in particular. c. Brown v. Board of Education (2010). c. animal and food terms to refer to females. This truth may come in part from the roles that individuals play in society. The most popular reaction-time implicit measure of prejudicethe Implicit Association Test (IAT)is frequently used to assess stereotypes and prejudice (Nosek, Greenwald, & Banaji, 2007). Question: 3 points Save Answer Question 14 Which of the following statements regarding retirement trends is correct The savings rate in the United States has consistently been decreasing over the last 30 years. b. Ms. Jane Sullivan Using our stereotypes to size up another person might simply make our life easier (Macrae, Bodenhausen, Milne, & Jetten, 1994). d. prejudice. a. often misunderstand what was really an innocent comment. c. Few whites benefit from white privilege. 4 The participants were given two chances at responding. a. a. immigration. Which of the following statements about categorization is most correct? Because they are so highly cognitively accessible, and because they seem so right, our stereotypes easily influence our judgments of and responses to those we have categorized. Our friends also tend to hold beliefs similar to ours, and we talk about these beliefs when we get together with them (Schaller & Conway, 1999). I used this code when statements . When our stereotypes lead us to be believe that we are likely to perform poorly on a task, we experience a feeling of unease and status threat. d. Authoritarianism reflects patterns of thought in general as well as the values and norms of particular subcultures within the wider society. San Diego, CA: Elsevier Academic Press. Although the meaning of the IAT has been debated (Tetlock & Mitchell, 2008), research using implicit measures does suggest thatwhether we know it or not, and even though we may try to control them when we canour stereotypes and prejudices are easily activated when we see members of different social categories (Barden, Maddux, Petty, & Brewer, 2004). Now, rather than perceiving themselves as members of two different groups (men versus women), John and Sarah might suddenly perceive themselves as members of the same social category (students at their college). b. In these cases, your membership as a university student is simply more salient and important than it is every day, and you are more likely to categorize yourself accordingly. It outlawed the racial segregation of lunch counters and other public places. 5. a. more favorably than older men b. Joe Feagin Knowing is half the battle: Teaching stereotype threat as a means of improving womens math performance. b. prey on women's insecurities to get them to buy advertiser's products. 1 A outgoing woman marries a reserved man. Even groups who typically enjoy advantaged social status can be made to experience stereotype threat. We begin to respond to members of stereotyped categories as if we already knew what they were like. I codes "social" when the thrust of the datum dealt with relationships. c. Sports announcers highlight female athletes' femininity and minimize their athletic ability. Out-group homogeneity effects in natural and minimal groups. a. genocide. This interaction best illustrates which of the following statements? b. girls, more than boys, were described as "little." When speeding charges are made, Blacks fare much worse when citations are issued on the basis of the officer's visual assessment rather than radar or laser. b. Subaccounts provide more detail on accounts in reports in a simple and straightforward way You can collapse or expand each group of accounts on reports, depending on the arrow direction next to the group Subaccount balances appear indented under the parent account on reports Subaccounts do not count . Adults tend to stereotype infants but not older children. Question 1 Which 3 statements regarding subaccounts are true? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(8), 9961010. He has shared this information with his b. Denying Francisco a raise is an example of C. It forms the anterior boundary of the interventricular . As a result of successive potato famines that produced widespread starvation, 1.5 million people migrated to the United States from ______ in the nineteenth century and settled mostly in ______ areas. D. Human behavior is not easily changed by the expectations of others. In some cases, these beliefs may be positive, and they have the effect of making us feel more confident and thus better able to perform tasks. A common strategy for gaining compliance used by car salespeople is the door-in-the-face technique. Simplify the answer when possible . Other research using this technique has found that we spontaneously categorize each other on the basis of many other group memberships, including race, academic status (student versus teacher), social roles, and other social categories (Fiske, Haslam, & Fiske, 1991; Stangor, Lynch, Duan, & Glass, 1992). a. stereotype. Claude Steele and Joshua Aronson (1995) tested the hypothesis that these differences might be due to the activation of negative stereotypes. b. a. immigrants. c. women with disabilities 2 See answers Advertisement a. What is a characteristic of white privilege? c. Cubans An example of a superordinate goal would be two individuals who want to move a heavy couch out of their apartment. b. discriminating. Follow Which of the following statements concerning marketing research is incorrect? C) Social categorization is an automatic and unconscious process. than those who are not employed. Review the ways that stereotypes influence our behavior. a. Asian American women over age 35 Psychological Bulletin, 112(3), 536552. Escalation of conflict is the result of all of the following issues except __________. Benefits include medical care costs and disability income. c. Both of the above A company uses the indirect method to determine its cash flows from operating activities. When we know that we need to control our expectations so that we do not unintentionally stereotype the other person, we may try to do sobut doing so takes effort and may frequently fail (Macrae, Bodenhausen, Milne, & Jetten, 1994). c. women, regardless of their ethnicity, are generally viewed as unpleasant. Other indirect measures of prejudice are also frequently used in social psychological research, for instanceassessing nonverbal behaviors such as speech errors or physical closeness. In J. F. Dovidio & S. L. Gaertner (Eds. Which of the following statements concerning social categorization is CORRECT? Confusing one person with another: What errors reveal about the elementary forms of social relations. Alex is standing in line at Wal-Mart waiting to pay for his purchases. A white person tells an Asian American person that they "speak good English." (A) Policy dividends represent earnings to shareowners who hold stock in insurance companies. None of these choices. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(2), 229241. d. Black women under age 35, Compared to 30 years ago, modern children's school textbooks: Perhaps this example will help you see the flexibility of social categorization. As you can see in Figure 12.4 Perceptual Accentuation, the experiment involved having research participants judge the length of six lines. a. Racism is no longer a significant problem for Blacks. The result? All states have workers' compensation laws. \end{array} In several forms of media men are more likely than women to be depicted in work-related De facto segregation, or segregation "in fact," was completely eliminated. Race can be understood as a classification system that assigns individuals and groups to categories that are ranked or hierarchical.

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